Grade 12 Courses
Grade 12 Typical Year Plan
| Credits | |
|---|---|
| English 12 (Choice) | 4 |
| Career-Life Connections 12 | 4 |
| Elective (Choice 1) | 2-4 |
| Elective (Choice 2) | 2-4 |
| Elective (Choice 3) | 2-4 |
| Elective (Choice 4) | 2-4 |
| Elective (Choice 5) | 2-4 |
| Elective (Choice 6) | 2-4 |
Last update on 2025-07-28 by Tristan Bannister.
English Language Arts 12
| Courses | Description | Credits |
|---|---|---|
| English Studies 12 | In this course, students create coherent, purposeful compositions. Students will be encouraged to develop their abilities through the processes of drafting, reflecting, and revising.The course builds students’ writing abilities by introducing them to varied structures, forms, and styles of compositions. | 4 |
| English First Peoples 12 | This course allows students to delve deeply into First Peoples oral texts, including storytelling practices and knowledge sharing protocol, and exploring historical and contemporary topics in Indigenous literature. | 4 |
ELECTIVES ONLY
The courses below cannot be used to fulfill the Grade 12 English requirement and are intended to be used as electives.
| Courses | Description | Credits |
|---|---|---|
| Composition 12 | Composition 12 is designed to support students in their refinement and pursuit of mastery of written communication. Students will be encouraged to develop their craft through processes of drafting, reflecting, and revising to build a body of publishable work. The course provides opportunities for students, with increasing independence and self-sufficiency, to study, create, and write original and authentic pieces for a range of purposes and audiences using real-world applications with impact and effectiveness. | 4 |
| Creative Writing 12 | Creative Writing 12 is designed for students who are interested in creating a body of work reflective of a sophisticated breadth and depth of skill. The course provides students with opportunities to specialize and publish in real-world contexts. Students will refine their ability to write in complex, controlled styles with effectiveness and impact. | 4 |
| Literary Studies 12 | This allows students to delve more deeply into literature through increasingly complex texts. Students can explore specific themes, periods, authors, or areas of the world through literary works (fiction and non-fiction) in a variety of media. | 4 |
| New Media 12 | This individualized course is designed to reflect the increasing importance of digital media in communicating and exchanging ideas. Students will have numerous opportunities to demonstrate understanding and communicate increasingly sophisticated ideas through a wide variety of digital and print media. | 4 |
| Spoken Language 12 | This individualized course is designed to support students as they refine, clarify, and adjust their spoken communication through practice and revision. Student will have opportunities to create, write, and present a body of publishable and/or performance-based work for a range of purposes and audiences. | 4 |
Last update on 2025-07-28 by Tristan Bannister.
Mathematics 12
| Courses | Description | Credits |
|---|---|---|
| Statistics 12 | Provides an introduction to a vitally important subject in today's data-driven society. In this course, students will explore the principles and methods that underlie the study of statistics. | 4 |
| Calculus 12 | With applications in everything from physics and engineering, to economics, finance, and operations research, this course teaches students the introductory ideas of one of the most essential areas of mathematics. | 4 |
| Precalculus 12 | This course explores pre-calculus topics and more advanced trigonometry topics and is a prerequisite for many post secondary options. Pathways primarily uses Teaching Textbooks or Math U See but other curricula options can be pursued. | 4 |
| Apprenticeship Math 12 | Students will build on the workplace and apprenticeship focused math skills they explored in Grade 11. | 4 |
| Computer Science 12 | This course is designed to engage students in the creation of software while developing an understanding of the techniques that Computing Scientists use to solve problems with a computer. Curricular content includes ways to represent basic data types, basic programming concepts, ways to construct and evaluate logical statements, problem decomposition through modularity, and ways to model mathematical problems. | 4 |
| Foundations of Mathematics 12 | This course is designed to provide students with developing mathematical understandings and competencies identified for post-secondary studies in programs that do not require the study of theoretical calculus. Topics include logical reasoning, geometry, measurement, relations and functions, and statistics. | 4 |
| Geometry 12 | This course is designed to provide students with opportunities to work with diagrams, variations and invariance. Curricular content includes geometric constructions, circle geometry, tangents, transformation of 2D shapes, perspective geometry, and non- Euclidian geometry. | 4 |
Last update on 2025-07-28 by Tristan Bannister.
Social Studies 12
| Course | Description | Credits |
|---|---|---|
| 20th Century World History 12 | The major focus of the course is political history in the 20th century, such as the World Wars and Cold War. | 4 |
| Asian Studies: 1850-Present 12 | The major focus of the course is political history in the 20th century, such as the World Wars and Cold War. | 4 |
| BC First Peoples 12 | Key topics include traditional territories, languages, and cultural aspects of First Peoples in BC, as well as current challenges facing First Peoples communities. | 4 |
| Comparative Cultures 12 | n: This course covers topics such as languages, art, different systems of governance, and belief systems. Comparative Cultures does not require the study of specific cultures and is open for teachers and students to choose topics of particular interest. |
4 |
| Comparative World Religions 12 | Comparative World Religions looks at the different core beliefs, doctrines, organizational systems, and practices of various world religions. | 4 |
| Contemporary Indigenous Studies 12 | This course looks at indigenous cultures around the world, as well as the challenges and opportunities they have experienced in both the past and present. | 4 |
| Economic Theory 12 | Economic Theory 12 is a course that examines the development of economic thinking from past to the present, such as the contributions of major thinkers. | 4 |
| Francophone History and Culture 12 | Francophone History and Culture 11 explores the history of Francophone history in Canada and BC, as well as key aspects of Francophone culture and identity. | 4 |
| Genocide Studies 12 | Genocide Studies 12 examines past and present examples of genocide around the world. Key topics include the strategies that are used to commit genocide, how these types of tragedies can be prevented, and why groups deny genocides. | 4 |
| Human Geography 12 | Human Geography 12 examines relationships between humans and the environment. Key topics include the use of natural resources, the impact of the physical environment on cultural development, and demographic patterns of human societies. | 4 |
| Law Studies 12 | Major topics include the Canadian constitution and system of government, aspects of criminal and civil law, and the correctional system in Canada. | 4 |
| Philosophy 12 | Philosophy 12 allows for a very open exploration of the big questions in philosophy. The major topics are theories of knowledge and truth, political philosophy, and theories of morality and ethics. | 4 |
| Physical Geography 12 | Key topics include different climate systems and biomes, natural disasters and plate tectonics, and the equilibrium between various natural systems. | 4 |
| Political Studies 12 | This course examines things like systems of governance, political parties and ideologies, election processes, and how different groups in society shape public opinion and public policy. | 4 |
| Social Justice 12 | This course examines a variety of different social justice issues in Canada and the world. | 4 |
| Urban Studies 12 | Urban Studies 12 examines urbanization and the role that cities play in BC, Canada, and around the world. Major topics include local government structures and responsibilities, urban planning, and services provided by local government. | 4 |
Last update on 2025-07-28 by Tristan Bannister.
Science 12
| Course | Description | Credits |
|---|---|---|
| Chemistry 12 | In Chemistry 12 students will explore more advanced topics on chemical reactions and solutions. Students will also have many opportunities to develop fluency with the scientific method, as well as gain a deeper understanding of the concepts through experiential learning. | 4 |
| Geology 12 | Students will use a variety of texts as they learn, exploring both secular and faith based theories. They will explore minerals, rocks, earth materials, Earth's geological and biological history, plate tectonic theory, form, arrangement and structure of rocks and weather and erosion process. | 4 |
| Environmental Science 12 | Environmental Science is an exploration of the interrelationships that exist in various local ecosystems. Students will learn about the diversity, processes and change, and sustainability within local ecosystems as well as conservation and restoration of ecosystems. | 4 |
| Anatomy and Physiology 12 | Students will explore anatomy and physiology of the human body in depth. This content rich course requires strong study skills and consistency. | 4 |
| Physics 12 | Students will explore advanced topics in motion, forces and momentum. They will also have many opportunities to develop fluency with the scientific method, as well as gain a deeper understanding of the concepts through experiential learning. Thorough study habits and review will be essential to success in this challenging course. | 4 |
| Specialized Science - Marine Biology 12 | This course focuses on the biology of marine environments. Students will explore biological, ecological and earth science topics related to fresh and salt water ecosystems. They will have many opportunities to develop fluency with the scientific method, as well as gain a deeper understanding of the concepts through experiential learning. | 4 |
| Specialized Science - Astronomy 12 | Students will learn aspects of both Classical and Modern Astronomy. In the first part of the course, they will take part in astronomy-based experiments outlined in the textbook. These will include field activities, keeping a field journal to record observations, sketch relevant results, as well as other hands-on activities. | 4 |
| Specialized Science - Psychology 12 | In this course, students will apply critical thinking skills to the study of the soul, the mind, the brain, and behaviour. Through this course, the studentwill learn to recognize, examine, and respond to various views including modern psychology's core philosophical assumptions: naturalism, behaviorism, humanism, evolutionism, empiricism, moral relativism, and reductionism. | 4 |
| Permaculture Foundations |
Permaculture Foundations is an intense 12-credit course providing a broad, integrated overview of permaculture philosophy and ethics and an introduction to a multitude of regenerative solutions and strategies. Though this is an intensive course, it is quite suitable for students who thrive on conceptual, hands-on, and/or exploratory learning. Because student learning plans are individualized for an optimal learning experience, engaged students of any learning style can find success. A good internet connection is required. Credits received: Environmental Science 11, Environmental Science 12, and Specialized Science 12 Click here to download an informative presentation of the permaculture courses |
12 |
| BAA Animal Sciences 12 |
In collaboration with the course instructor, each student will select their personal areas of focus within the larger Animal Sciences parameter. (See examples in Course Document). Student and teacher will work together to set goals, identify learning resources and/or setting, select suitable assessment strategies, and prepare a timetable for course completion. Student interest, personal ability, and availability of local resources will be determining factors in selection of focus areas. |
2-4 |
Last update on 2025-07-28 by Tristan Bannister.
Arts Education 12
| Area of Study | Course Name | Course Description | Credits | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Interdisciplinary Arts | Media Arts 12 | In this course, students will explore art forms that include film, video, new media, and sound as a means of artistic expression. | 4 | |
| Musical Theatre 12 | Students must be registered in a community-based musical theatre program or similar to earn credit towards this course. | 4 | ||
| Dance | Dance Technique and Performance 12 | This course focuses on dance as a form of athletic conditioning and expression, suited to all levels and interests. Students are encouraged to develop dance technique, muscular strength, flexibility, and fitness levels. Students must be registered in a community-based or similar dance training program to earn credit towards this course, with performances not required. |
4 | |
| Dance Conditioning 12 | This course focuses on dance as a form of athletic conditioning and expression, suited to all levels and interests. Students are encouraged to develop dance technique, muscular strength, flexibility, and fitness levels. Students must be registered in a community-based or similar dance training program to earn credit towards this course, with performances not required. |
4 | ||
| Dance Foundations 12 | Introductory dance course for students new to dance or exploring a new style. Students must be registered in a community-based or similar dance training program to earn credit towards this course, with performances not required. |
4 | ||
| Dance Company 12 | This dance course is for students with experience in dance who are learning refined, advanced techniques in a given dance style. Students must be registered in a community-based or similar dance training program to earn credit towards this course, with performances required. |
4 | ||
| Dance Choreography 12 | Dancers will study elements of dance, composition, and storytelling and expression to explore and develop choreography. Students must be registered in a community-based or similar dance training program to earn credit towards this course, and are expected to teach choreography to a class of students or demonstrate their choreography in an alternative format. |
4 | ||
| Drama | Drama 12 | Explore the world of the stage! Students of all experience levels explore the elements of drama including character development, theatrical styles, and strategies and techniques to make dramatic performances engaging. Students must be registered in a community-based or similar dramatic arts program to earn credit towards this course, with performances not required. |
4 | |
| Theatre Company 12 | Curtain's up! Working with a team to create a standout performance is a lot of work. In this course, students will learn the elements of acting and staging a show, and learn about the benefits of performing for an audience. Students must be registered in a community-based or similar dramatic arts program to earn credit towards this course, with performances are required. |
4 | ||
| Theatre Production 12 | The world of backstage production is busy, exciting, and has a lot more tape than one might realize. Students in this course learn about production design, theatre management, and important behind-the-scenes roles in a production. Students must be registered in a community-based or similar dramatic arts program, or working/volunteering in a backstage role, to earn credit towards this course. |
4 | ||
| Directing and Script Development 12 | Students refine their skills as writers and directors to develop a production with an intended audience in mind. Students will learn about opportunities for careers in writing and directing. | 4 | ||
| Film & Television 12 | Students study and refine pre-production, production and post production processes, strategies, techniques and technologies. Students also explore career possibilities in the film and television industry, and emerging media. |
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| Music | Choral Music 12 |
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4 | |
| Contemporary Music 12 | This course supports a student's individual study of music from contemporary, Indigenous, and emerging musical traditions. The course includes a varied repertoire of music for study and performance. Students must be registered in a community-based or similar dramatic arts program to earn credit towards this course, with performances not required. | 4 | ||
| Instrumental Music 12 |
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4 | ||
| Composition & Production 12 | This course is a study in electronic and acoustic music composition or production. Course includes use of various music technologies, the creation of a varied repertoire of music, and focuses on connecting music with community and post-graduation life. | 4 | ||
| Visual Arts | Art Studio 12 | Students move beyond basic techniques and media, and explore a broad spectrum of new materials, technologies, and processes in various ways. Students continue to develop skills in both 2D and 3D media, and learn about image development through sharing traditions, perspectives, worldviews, and stories. | 4 | |
| Graphic Arts 12 | Students focus on refining graphic arts materials, processes, and technologies (e.g., printmaking, graphic design, graphic novels, digital imaging, typography). Students will increase their independence through the creation a personal body of work founded in graphic arts. | 4 | ||
| Photography 12 | Photography 12 focuses on photographic materials, technologies, and processes in new (digital), traditional (darkroom) and/or alternative ways (cyanotypes). Using light and optics to capture images, students will learn about photographic processes as they relate to sharing traditions, perspectives, worldviews, and stories. | 4 | ||
| Studio Arts 2D 12 | Studio Arts 2D 12 focuses on a broad spectrum of 2D materials, technologies, and processes in various ways. Students will learn about mark making processes as they relate to sharing traditions, perspectives, worldviews, and stories. | 4 | ||
| Studio Arts 3D 12 | Students explore three dimensional mediums such as clay (e.g., ceramics), wood (e.g., carving), metal (e.g., manipulation), glass (e.g., fusing), found objects (e.g., assemblage), paper (e.g., papier mâché), fabric (e.g., soft sculpture) or other improvisational and miscellaneous materials. | 4 | ||
Last update on 2025-07-28 by Tristan Bannister.
ADST 12
| Area of Study | Course Name | Course Description | Credits |
|---|---|---|---|
| Business Education | Entrepreneurship 12 | Interested in starting your own business? This course will support you from the ground up - coming up with your unique, viable business idea, evaluating if it is financially reasonable, and explore the process of successfully starting it up! Throughout the course students will reflect on, evaluate, and adjust their plan accordingly, recognizing that patience and perseverance are required as they plan their business. | 4 |
|
E-Commerce 12 (Limited Availability) |
This course addresses learning related to business development and practice using online channels. Focus includes digital retail, revenue models, distribution solutions, and marketing practice. |
4
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|
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Economics 12 (Limited Availability) |
This course provides an introduction to the principles of economics, within the context of hands-on economic scenarios. It explores labour, global and local markets, government actions, and economics of everyday life. | 4 | |
|
Financial Accounting 12 (Limited Availability) |
This course addresses advanced accounting principles and practices for corporate and larger business operations. Learning includes advanced accounting systems, specialized accounting, tax systems, and asset management. | 4 | |
| Accounting 12 | Students will explore bookkeeping and accounting through self-paced instruction and practice. | 4 | |
| Tourism 12 (Limited Availability) | For students interested in a career in tourism (including ski/snowboard guides, hospitality professionals, and museum interpreters), this course provides students with both transferable skills and employability skills and a foundation for workplace training in the many sectors of the tourism industry. | 4 | |
| Home Economics | Culinary Arts 12 | In this course, students explore the artistic side of food preparation. They will look at the different styles and presentation methods for food, and learn the secrets behind creating tasty, delicious meals that intrigue the palate. Safe handling, proper use of tools and equipment, ingredients, cooking methods, and presentation will be covered, and students are strongly encouraged to pursue their Foodsafe Level 1. | 4 |
| Child Development and Caregiving 12 | In this individualized course students will pursue their personal interests while exploring the factors involved in interpersonal relationships. Students will discover the components of healthy relationships and will use a human-centered approach to address social challenges. Resources will be carefully selected to meet the students needs and goals. | 4 | |
| Housing and Living Environments 12 | This course includes the principles of architectural and interior design, societal trends and regulations that affect shelter and housing, and traditional and contemporary First Peoples living arrangements and the importance of sense of place. | 4 | |
| Textiles 12 | In this individualized course students will pursue their personal design interests by adapting available tools and technologies for a purpose of personal interest. Students will explore symbolism and the use of symbols in textile prints and designs. Resources and third-party services will be carefully selected to meet the students needs and goals. |
4 |
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| Fashion Industry 12 | Fashion Industry 12 focuses on the design, production, and marketing of apparel and accessories, including the environmental and social impacts of the fashion industry. |
4 |
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| Food Studies 12 | In this individualized course students will pursue their personal interests while exploring meal design and elements of meal preparation. Students taking this course will explore components of recipe development and modification. Resources will be carefully selected to meet the students needs and goals. | 4 | |
| Specialized Studies in Food 12 | This course designed for students who are interested in learning more about a particular cuisine and/or cooking methodology. It allows students to delve deeply into a selected specialized area of focus, such as traditional food preparation techniques of a local First Peoples community, or the design and baking of customized specialty cakes and pastries. | 4 | |
| Information and Communication Technology | Computer Information Systems 12 | For students who are new to personal computer use, this course walks students through the basics of a wide range of topics related to computers and information technology. | 4 |
| Media Design 12 | From animation to photo manipulation, this course encourages students to pursue their personal media design interests, selecting a media technology of interest. Student taking this course will consider how social, ethical, and sustainability considerations impact design choices. | 4 | |
| Graphic Production 12 (Limited Availability) | This course focuses on graphic design for print media including books, posters, and t-shirt printing. This course is intended for a student who wishes to blend both print media and graphic design. | 4 | |
| Computer Programming 12 | From animation to photo manipulation, this course encourages students to pursue their personal media design interests, selecting a media technology of interest. Student taking this course will consider how social, ethical, and sustainability considerations impact design choices. | 4 | |
| Digital Media Development 12 | In this course, students will master a range of introductory web-development concepts. Throughout the course, they will use their skills to create fun, high-quality websites with professional features. Students will also have an opportunity to create their own unique projects throughout the course. They will get the opportunity to experience all phases of a project life cycle, including requirements, design, implementation, and testing. This course assumes no prior web-development experience. | 4 | |
| Technology Education | Drafting 12 (Limited Availability) | Using hand-drawn and CAD-based approaches, students learn how to design architecture, parts, and figures for application in 3D printing, construction, and machining. | 4 |
| Robotics 12 (Limited Availability) | If you like programming with practical applications, electronics and robotics is for you! This student-driven course allows students to explore how to program devices to perform simple operations. | 4 | |
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Remotely Operated Vehicles and Drones 12 |
This course introduces the design and uses of remotely operated vehicles for multiple terrains, including land-based, under water, and for flight. Learning includes navigation, propulsion, programming and coding, and emerging technologies. | 4 | |
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Industrial Coding and Design 12 (Limited Availability) |
This course combines advanced design, drafting, and coding skills for product creation, including use of industry-standard computer applications, computer numerical control equipment, and machining standards. | 4 | |
| Metalwork 12 | Students will learn the basics of working safely with metal projects. They will learn the various tools and techniques required to create projects out of metal. | 4 | |
| Art Metal and Jewelry 12 | This course combines refined metalworking techniques with artistic elements of jewellery design. Learning includes advanced and detailed forms of casting, carving, welding, and use of high-value materials. | 4 | |
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Machining and Welding 12 (Limited Availability) |
This course focuses on machining and welding processes and techniques in industry. Learning includes measurement, documentation, and use of computer-aided design and manufacturing equipment. | 4 | |
| Automotive Technology 12 | Students will learn maintenance practices required to maintain power equipment in everyday situations. This course covers tools and safety ,construction, operation, lubrication, maintenance, troubleshooting, service, rebuilding, and repair. We offer several specialties in this course, including automotive technology and small engines. |
4 | |
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Engine and Drivetrain 12 (Limited Availability) |
This course addresses engine design, maintenance, and repair, focusing on the series of related engine and drivetrain systems. Learning includes engine performance, enhancement, diagnostics, and hybrid and alternative fuel vehicles. | 4 | |
| Engineering 12 (Limited Availability) | Engineering 11 is a design-challenge based course in which students design, draft and fabricate projects to solve problems. Students apply trades skills including metalworking and drafting to design and fabricate to solve problems. | 4 | |
| Mechatronics (Limited Availability) | This course addresses the design and application of mechanical, electronic, computer control, hydraulic, and pneumatic systems. Learning includes industrial applications of mechatronics and the impact of artificial intelligence and singularity in society. | 4 | |
| Electronics 12 (Limited Availability) | Students will explore electrical work, including analyzing and developing wiring diagrams, running circuitry, and working with circuit boards. | 4 | |
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Furniture and Cabinetry 12 (Limited Availability) |
This course introduces specialized design and methods in the construction of furniture and cabinetry. Learning includes standard sizing for specific applications, traditional decorative techniques, and use of non-wood and reclaimed materials. | 4 | |
| Woodwork 12 | Students will develop a strong woodworking foundation and build a variety of new skills. | 4 |
Last update on 2025-07-28 by Tristan Bannister.
Health & Physical Education
| Area of Study | Course Name | Course Description | Credits |
|---|---|---|---|
| Physical Education | Active Living 12 | Students in this course can select from a variety of physical activity pursuits that accommodate their interests and abilities. Additionally student will complete written or verbal theory assignments to share their learning on health and fitness related topics. Students will explore the importance of physical activity in overall health, motivation and enjoyment in regular physical activity, and safety and injury prevention. | 4 |
| Fitness and Conditioning 12 | Students in this course can select from a variety of physical activity pursuits that accommodate their interests and abilities. Additionally student will complete written or verbal theory assignments to share their learning on health and fitness related topics. Students will explore pursuing and maintaining personal fitness, a variety of activities at different intensity levels, safety and injury prevention, fitness training, and healthy choices in the pursuit of fitness goals. | 4 | |
| Outdoor Education 12 | Students in this course can select from a variety of physical outdoor activity pursuits that accommodate their interests and abilities. Additionally student will complete written or verbal theory assignments to share their learning on health and fitness related topics. Students will explore skill development, understanding the natural environment and ourselves, teamwork, collaboration, communication, and safety. | 4 |
Last update on 2025-07-23 by Tristan Bannister.
Languages
Second language courses at the Grade 12 level are customized around a backbone program selected in collaboration with our Language specialist. Combined with projects that promote interaction with authentic texts and cultural knowledge based on the student's interest and language goals, students will develop an appreciation for the language and culture while learning to speak, read, write, and and understand with early fluency in their chosen language.
Aligned with the Common European Framework of Reference for language learning, by the end of this course students will be able to communicate and understand at a middle to high A1 level.
For all other second languages, students are encouraged to cross-enroll with another school for their desired language course.
| Course Name | Course Description | Credits |
|---|---|---|
| Core French 12 |
Colloquial French 2 provides a step-by-step course in French as it is written and spoken today. Combining a user-friendly approach with a thorough treatment of the language, it equips learners with the essential skills needed to communicate confidently and effectively in French in a broad range of situations. |
4 |
| Francais langue seconde - immersion 12 | Le cours de Français langue immersion 12 est requis pour l'obtention du diplôme bilingue. L'objectif de ce cours est d'intégrer et d'approfondir les compétences langagières et les connaissances linguistiques et culturelles acquises lors des expériences d'apprentissage antérieures. Ce cours permet à l'élève d'avoir un aperçu des divers facteurs qui façonnent son identité bilingue. | 4 |
| Langue et culture de la Francophonie 12 | Dans le cours de Français langue et culture 12, l'élève continuera de consolider ses acquis littéraires, artistiques, linguistiques et numériques. | 4 |
| Communication orale 12 Spoken Language 12 Français langue seconde |
Ce cours est conçu pour encourager les étudiants à clarifier leur communication par la pratique et la révision de textes en français, particulièrement en contexte de la communication orale. Les étudiants développeront leur confiance en leurs compétences en communication orale et écrite. | 4 |
| Études cinéma et littérature franco 12 New Media 12 Français langue seconde |
Ici, l’élève explore, découvre, interprète et analyse les oeuvres cinématographiques et littéraires en français. Ce cours amènera l’élève à réfléchir de façon critique à la manière dont les textes et les films peuvent refléter les principes et valeurs d’une société, ainsi que comment son identité linguistique et culturelle se créé à travers ce qu’on entend, voit, lit, et écrit. | 4 |
Last update on 2025-07-28 by Tristan Bannister.